Abstract Aerogel, an advanced porous material with ultra-high porosity and extremely low thermal conductivity, has significant application potential in building energy efficiency, industrial insulation, and aerospace engineering. However, its life cycle environmental impacts remain debated, particularly...

  Abstract This paper investigates the critical role of cell morphology, specifically fine-cell structures (mean diameter < 0.1 mm), in determining the Long-term Thermal Resistance (LTTR) of Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) foams. By analyzing gas diffusion mechanisms and the aging process over a 20-year...

  Calculation Assumptions All U-Value calculations are performed in accordance with BS EN ISO 6946:2007. The thermal conductivity (λ) of the internal masonry block is assumed to be 1.13 W/m·K. Internal finishes consist of 12.5 mm standard plasterboard with a 3 mm plaster skim coat applied to the bonding...